I got this issue also in der older 10.0.1 and this help.
after Update to 10.1.0 get the same issue.
Use Mac OS High Sierra 10.13.2
Additional I allowed the VM Fusion app in the Firewall but I`ll delete it now again.
Stop VM Fusion 10.1.0
I dragged the Fusion app out to the trash, then used put back to restore it.
Then launch Fusion, and close again.
open Preferences > Security & Privacy > General and there should be a message at the bottom with an "allow" button VMware, INC.
I unlocked the pane (padlock left lower corner) and clicked allow.
Now my VMs show all connected USB devices.